North Carolina EMT State Practice Exam 2026 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

The primary function of the epiglottis is to prevent food and liquid from entering the larynx during swallowing. This flap of cartilage is located at the root of the tongue and acts as a switch between the esophagus and the trachea. When a person swallows, the epiglottis folds down over the larynx, effectively closing it off and directing food and liquids into the esophagus rather than the airway. This mechanism is crucial for protecting the airway from aspiration and ensuring that breathing and swallowing can occur safely and effectively.

The other options highlight functions that are performed by different structures: regulating airflow is primarily a function of the bronchi and bronchioles, producing sound involves the vocal cords located within the larynx, and filtering air is managed by the nasal cavity and respiratory mucosa. Understanding the specific role of the epiglottis helps emphasize the importance of this structure in the swallowing process and airway protection.